Visiting Cusco for the first time is an unforgettable experience. This ancient city, once the capital of the Inca Empire, is the gateway to Machu Picchu—but before you rush off to see the famous citadel, there are a few important things you should do to make your trip smoother, healthier, and way more enjoyable.
1. Give Yourself Time to Acclimatize
Cusco sits at 3,399 meters (11,152 ft) above sea level, and altitude sickness is real. Plan to spend at least one or two days in Cusco or the Sacred Valley before heading to Machu Picchu. Take it easy, stay hydrated, avoid heavy meals, and try coca tea—a local favorite for altitude adjustment.
2. Explore Cusco’s Historic Center
Cusco itself is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and deserves your time. Walk around Plaza de Armas, visit the impressive Cusco Cathedral, and explore the Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun). Wandering the cobblestone streets helps you acclimatize while soaking in history and culture.
3. Visit Nearby Inca Ruins First
Before Machu Picchu, visit nearby archaeological sites like Sacsayhuamán, Qenqo, Puka Pukara, and Tambomachay. These ruins offer context about Inca engineering and spirituality, making your Machu Picchu visit even more meaningful.
4. Prepare Your Documents and Tickets
Make sure your passport is valid and matches the name on your Machu Picchu tickets—this is strictly checked. Machu Picchu has limited daily entry, so tickets and train rides should be booked in advance. Booking with a trusted local operator removes stress and avoids last-minute surprises.
5. Pack Smart for Changing Weather
Cusco’s weather can change quickly. Bring layers, a light rain jacket, sunscreen, a hat, and comfortable walking shoes. Even on sunny days, evenings can get cold. A small daypack is ideal for ruins and city walks.
6. Respect Local Culture and Traditions
Cusco is a living city, not just a tourist destination. Ask before taking photos of locals, support local artisans, and be respectful at religious and historical sites. Learning a few basic Spanish phrases goes a long way.
7. Choose the Right Machu Picchu Experience
There are different circuits and hiking options at Machu Picchu, from classic guided tours to hikes like Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain. A knowledgeable guide helps you understand the history, symbolism, and secrets of the site—turning your visit into a truly unforgettable experience.
